cellular respiration and photosynthesis

Cellular Respiration

Photosynthesis

Prokaryote Cell Thing

Ribosomes
Ribosomes give the cytoplasm of bacteria a granular appearance in electron micrographs. Though smaller than the ribosomes in eukaryotic cells, these inclusions have a similar function in translating the genetic message in messenger RNA into the production of peptide sequences (proteins).

capsule
This layer of polysaccharide (sometimes proteins) protects the bacterial cell and is often associated with pathogenic bacteria because it serves as a barrier against phagocytosis by white blood cells.

cell wall
Composed of peptidoglycan (polysaccharides + protein), the cell wall maintains the overall shape of a bacterial cell. The three primary shapes in bacteria are coccus (spherical), bacillus (rod-shaped) and spirillum (spiral). Mycoplasma are bacteria that have no cell wall and therefore have no definite shape.

plasma membrane
ra This is a lipid bilayer much like the cytoplasmic (plasma) membrane of other cells. There are numerous proteins moving within or upon this layer that are primarily responsible for transport of ions, nutrients and waste across the membrane.


Flagella
The purpose of flagella (sing., flagellum) is motility. Flagella are long appendages which rotate by means of a "motor" located just under the cytoplasmic membrane. Bacteria may have one, a few, or many flagella in different positions on the cell.

cytoplasm
This contains many of the protiens, molecules, and important substances that the cell needs, as well as keeping the organelles seperate. It is similar to air for us; it has many essential ingredients for continued existence; it provides a medium in which the organelles can exist (living in a vacum is not very easy), and pretty much fills up space.

Mesosome
One structure not shown in our prokaryotic cell is called a mesosome. Not all prokaryotic cells have these. The mesosome is an elaboration of the plasma membrane--a sort of rosette of ruffled membrane intruding into the cell.

Questions

1. What Is the purpose of the Bacterial Flagellum?

2. What is the name of a part of the cell that is rare to find in Prokaryote?

3. What is a cell wall?

Currents

1. Explain how currents contribute to the distribution of marine organisms around the planet.
   Currents disturb marine organism because of the continuous movement of the water and by currents that regulate the temperatures of the land and water.
   
   

2. The primary factor influencing ocean currents is temperature regulation. What might happen to the ocean currents (and has happened in the past) as global warming increases?
   With the change of the currents temperature, its activities and movements would change as well.

   
   

3. Explain how density changes cause currents.
   When the water on top becomes denser it sinks to the bottom allowing cooler water to rise to the top, thus creating a lot of underwater movement that we call a current.

Our hike to Mt. Lao Lao was so tiring that I got left behind! What happened to the No Child Left Behind Act!! I'm suing !!! Jus kidding.. Our hike was very informative with Angelo guiding us and testing us with what we know so far with how the actions of people on land effect the marine life. Angelo showed us were the cut a couple of trees down and burned some trees. He showed us where he and some volunteers went and cleaned. Not to be mean some of us who went contributed to the littering of the place so don't tell no body!!

Virtual Chemistry Labs

For the Virtual chemistry about sour foods here is the link:

Biochemistry Discovery Lab at the New York Hall of Science

It was a fun and exciting experiment!!

The Shape of Life: Episode 1 - Origins

Video Response

QUESTIONS:
1) What organism is thought to be the first multi-cellular animal?
The Ancient Sponge

2) How is it similar (3 examples) and different (3 examples) from animals today?
Similarities:
Cells are held together by collagen, reproduces sexually, has the production of both gametes, feeds itself
Differences:
No nervous system, Regenerate, Spicules

3) How do scientists know it's an animal?
Sponges eat, reproduce, have a "heart" beat, and has cell communication in terms that it is similar to that of animal cells.

4) What evidence do scientists have to prove that other animals (multi-cellular) evolved from this organism?
The sponge's genetic code - DNA; along with the tracing of the animal tree through genetic sequencing.

5) What more do you want to know?
I would want to know the stages of the evolutionary process in which an organism evolved from in terms of their genetic sequencing from a simple sponge into a more

Endangered Thing

Tiger (Panthera tigris)

The tiger is classified as a member of the order Carnivora (Carnivores) and is a member of the family Felidae. The male tiger grows up to ten feet long from its head to the tip of its tail, and weighs up to 575 pounds. The tiger is classified as an endangered species due to the projected tiger population declining to at the highest 50% due to an index of abundance and a decline in area of occupancy. The tiger consists of eight subspecies, distinguished by the colour of their coat.