Cells

1. Describe cell cycle.
First the cell starts to grow then chromosomes duplicate and divide while the cell continues to grow. The cell reaches a certain size that is suitable for it to be able to have cell division.
*chromosomes are stored in the cell nucleus
*CDK and cyclin are the key molecules that control and coordinate cell division
2. What is nuclear division?
Nuclear division is the division of the nucleus and genetic information into more than one cell, usually through mitosis or meiosis.
3. What is interphase?
Interphase is when the cell or nucleus is not in mitosis.
4. Cytokinesis?
Cytokinesis is the stage in meiosis in which the cytoplasm of the cell is divided after the nuclear division.
5. Homologous chromosomes?
They are the pair of chromosomes that have the same genetic sequencing because they come from the same parent cell.
6. Phases of mitosis (5 of them).
There is Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase, and Interphase.
7. Phases of meiosis and how it is different from mitosis.
Early prophase
Late prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Second Telophase
*meiosis is different from mitosis because the cell goes through 2 divisions instead of just one and results in 4 daughter cells instead of only 2.
*cells that go through mitosis are called diploid cells because it has 2 complete sets of chromosomes. cells that go through meiosis are only have a single set of chromosomes that is completed when the female and male gamete are united.
8. Describe the process and purpose of crossing over.
Crossing over occurs when the sperm and egg chromosomes pair up and swap genetic information, reducing the number of chromosomes to a complete set. It is important because it makes the number of chromosomes the normal number and also allows the genetic information to remain present in the cell.